RAVI CONSTRUCTIONS CO. versus SOMVANSHI ARYA KSHATRIYA SAMAJ AND ORS.

ARIJIT PASAYA T, J. Appellant calls in question legality of the judgment rendered by a learned Single Judge of the Bombay High Court in Second Appeal filed by the respondents.

p. 49, margin F

Background facts, as projected by appellant in a nutshell are as follows:

p. 49, margin G

An agreement was entered into between Viraj Construction-respondent No.9 in this appeal and respondent No. I Somavanshi Arya Kshatriya Samaj (hereinafter referred to as the 'Trust") on 7.7.1985 on for construction of a multi-purpose Community hall free of charges. Trust agreed to surrender certain portions of the Trust land to respondent development. On 3. 7.1987, an agreement was entered into and respondent No.9 in respect of the right to develop the in terms of the agreement dated 7. 7 .1985. It was agreed that be the sub developers of the plot and would construct the A sum ofRs.3,00,000/- was payable as consideration to respondent 26.4.1988 the respondent No. I-trust filed a civil suit (Civil Suit for declaration and injunction in the Court of Civil Judge, Kalyan praying inter-alia for the following reliefs:

pp. 49–50, margin G

A. Declaration that the defendants cannot commit

p. 50, margin C

agreement dated 7th July, 1985; B. Permanent injunction restraining the defendants

p. 50, margin C

out any construction on the suit land in breach

p. 50, margin C

The said suit was filed by respondent No.2, Nilkanth as the chief trustee of the trust.

p. 50, margin C

On 10.6.1988 the aforesaid Civil Suit was compromised parties and a compromise pursis was filed by them along with highlighted the compromise agreed between the parties. A sum was also paid to the trust as consideration for the compromise accepted by the trust. lt is to be noted here that by a resolution No. I, chief trustee i.e respondent No. 2 was authorized to compromise in any one of the three alternatives indicated. All the other signatories to the resolution. According to appellant, one was adopted. On 26.2.1990 another Civil Suit (Civil Suit No. filed by the respondent No. I-Trust for setting aside the passed on I 0.6.1988. The primary stand was that the earlier have been filed by the chief trustee-respondent No.2 on behalf of (Respondent No.1) without joining the other trustees as further stated that respondent No.2 had no authority to compromise On 5.4.1990 appellant and respondent No.9 filed written statement stand inter-alia that respondent No.2- the Chief Trustee was the other trustees by a resolution to compromise the Civil Suit In fact the resolution authorized respondent No.2 to enter into and the same was produced in Court before the final order reference was made to the resolution in the order regarding suit was not really filed by respondent No.2 in his personal

p. 50, margin D

5 \ the chief trustee representing the trust. On 11.1.1991, the Civil Suit was A dismissed by judgment and order of learned Civil Judge, Junior Division, Kalyan. It was held that the respondents had not proved that respondent No.2 was not authorized to enter into the compromise which culminated into a consent decree. Further it was held that it could not be shown by the respondents 1 to 8 that respondent No.2 was not authorized to file a suit on behalf of the Trust. Reference was made to Order XXllI Rule 3A of the Code B of Civil Procedure, 1908 (in short the 'CPC') to hold that the challenge to the consent decree was barred. Appeal filed by respondent Nos.1 to 8 (Appeal No. 59of1991) was dismissed by order dated 11.12.1992 passed by Additional District Judge, Thane. It was held that the respondents had filed a copy of the resolution authorizing respondent No.2 to compromise the suit. C Compromise was entered into between the appellant and respondent No.2 representing the Trust and respondent No.9 in conformity with the resolution and with full knowledge and consent of the other trustees. Therefore, the Civil Suit was not maintainable. Second Appeal No.289 of 1994 in terms of Section I 00 CPC was filed before the Bombay High Court by respondents Nos. I to 8. By the impugned judgment the Second Appeal was allowed even without D framing a substantial question of law. The High Court held that the earlier suit was not maintainable in law in the absence of all the trustees being made parties. Therefore, Order XXllI Rule 3A of the CPC has application and the suit was maintainable. Conclusions recorded by the courts below were set ~~ E

p. 51

In support of the appeal learned counsel for the appellant submitted that the High Court lost sight of the fact that the earlier suit was compromised by the chief trustee in terms of the resolution to which all the trustees were signatories. Filing of the earlier suit was within knowledge of all the trustees. They had in fact authorized the chief trustee to enter into a compromise in F any of the three alternative modes indicated. The factual finding recorded that the earlier suit was filed with their knowledge and consent and was compromised was not challenged before the High Court and in any event the High Court has not recorded finding on that factual aspect. Therefore, the High Court was not justified in allowing the second appeal. In any event the G second appeal could not have been dealt with without framing a substantial question of law.

p. 51

In response, learned counsel for the respondents I to 8 submitted that the High Court's judgment is in order. The earlier suit was non-est in the eye of law. Therefore, any compromise recorded therein had no legal effect. H

p. 51

At the outset it is to be indicated that the second appeal was allowed without framing a question of law which is clearly contrary to the mandate of Section 100. This position has been highlighted in several decisions. (See Gian Dass v. Panchayat, Village S11m1er Kalan & Ors., JT (2006) 7 SC 102, Joseph Severane and Ors. v. Benny Mathew and Ors., JT (2005) 8 SC 509, Sasikumar and Ors. v. Kunnath Chellappan Nair and Ors .. JT (2005) 9 SC 171, Chadat Singh v. Bahadur Ram and Ors., JT (2004) 6 SC 296, Kanhaiyalal v. Anupkumar, JT (2002) 10 SC 98, Roop Singh v. Ram Singh. JT (2000) 3 SC 474 and Ishwar Dass Jain v. Sohan Lal, JT (1999) 9 SC 613.

p. 52, margin A

Further both the trial court and the first appellate court categorically observed that the resolution adopted by all the trustees including the chief trustee and the advocate for the trust who was himself a trustee clearly established that the earlier suit was filed with the knowledge and consent of all the trustees and on behalf of all the trustees. Significantly the trust deed was not produced. It could have shown, as rightly contended by learned counsel for the appellant, that the trust could be sued or can sue in the name of chief trustee. In any event the categorical factual finding recorded that the suit was filed with the knowledge and consent of all the trustees has not been disturbed and in fact no reference has been made in the impugned judgment to this aspect. If the trustees had no knowledge of the suit they could not have adopted a resolution for compromise in a particular mode indicating three alternatives. They specifically authorized the chief trustee and the advocate who was also a trustee to enter into a compromise. In that view of the matter the High Court was not justified in holding that the suit was maintainable.

p. 52, margin B

Looked at from any angle the High Court's judgment is indefensible and is set aside. Learned counsel for the appellant during course of hearing had stated that as a matter of genuine gesture, the appellant shall pay to the respondent no. I-trust a sum of Rs.3,00,000/-. Notwithstanding the fact that the appeal has been allowed, let the statement made by learned counsel for the appellant be translated into reality and the amount be paid within three months.

p. 52, margin E

Appeal is allowed. No orders as to costs. B.B.B. Appeal allowed.

p. 52, margin G